Al-Jahdali NLN. The Phenomenon of the ʿAyyārīn in the Buyid Era in Light of Orientalist Writings in the Encyclopaedia of Islam: A Comparative Analytical Study. Arts [Internet]. 2026 Jun. 12 [cited 2026 Jun. 13];14(2). Available from: https://journal.tu.edu.ye/index.php/artsmain/article/view/3245