Prevalence of Salmonella in Human and Foods of Animal Origin with Antibiotic Resistance Patterns of Isolated Bacteria in Dhamar Governorate , Yemen

Abstract

Salmonellosis is a food borne zoonotic disease and one of the major public health problems. Assessment of the Salmonella contamination risk In Food of Animal Origin at Dhamar governorate is the main objective for this study. A total of 188 samples of animal food products, including, white meat, red meat, eggs and milk were collected from slaughterhouses, local markets and cows. In addition, a total of 35 stool and 45 blood samples from human were collected. All Samples were collected in aseptic manner, brought to laboratory and subjected to bacteriological, biochemical and serological tests accordingly. For assessment sensitivity of isolated Salmonella species to antibiotics, ten antibiotic drugs were used for this purpose. The results revealed that, out of 188 samples examined and tested for salmonella species, 37(20%) were positive. The positive rates according to sample-type were 0.11%, 0.14%, 0.05%, 0.11%, 0.05%, 0.16%, 0.19%, 0.14%, and 0.05% for native beef, imported beef, camel meat, minced meats, poultry meat, fish meat, table eggs, and raw milk respectively. In human, out of 35 stool and 45 blood samples examined, 8(22.8 %) and 22(48.9%) were positive for salmonellosis respectively. The serovars identified were; typhi (O) 49% typhi (H) 36% Paratyphi (B) 24%, but Paratyphi (A) hasn't found. All isolated salmonella were sensitive to chloramphenicol ciprofloxacin, nalidixic acid and gentamicin, and intermediate resistant for Erythromycin and Tetracycline, but complete resistant to Colistin, Doxycycline, Penicillin and Lincomycin antibiotics. This study confirmed that, food animal origin at Dhamar governorate are highly contaminated with some Salmonella spp and those species representing the main source of salmonella infections in patients in Dhamar governorate. Further studies on Salmonella spp. Isolation, spread tracking through production cycle of farm animals, and control measures arerecommended.