Prevalence of Hepatitis B Surface Antigen Among Healthcare Workers at Al-Wahdah Teaching Hospital, Dhamar, Yemen

Abstract

Background: Healthcare workers (HCWs), are at high risk of blood-borne viral diseases due to exposure to blood and other body fluids. The WHO reported approximately 70,000 HBV infections among HCWs globally. However, the prevalence of hepatitis B among HCWs in Yemen are needed to address this important health problem. Aim: The study aimed to assess the prevalence of HBV infection among HCWs at Thamar University, Al-Wahdah Teaching Hospital (TUWTH) in Dhamar, Yemen. Methods: A cross-sectional design conducted at TUWTH among the hospital’s employers in various departments, during the period from September to November 2023. Data was collected using a structured questionnaire which included participants’ demographic characteristics and the ELISA-based “HBs Ag detection results”. Using SPSS version 26.0 software, a statistical analysis was performed, and HBs Ag test results and participant characteristics were examined for significant associations using Chi-square test. Results: A total of 105 HCWs were included in the study, with the majority being nurses with a diploma degree. The overall prevalence of HBV infection was 2.9%, with positive HBsAg test results found in employees from surgery, ICU, and administration departments. Conclusion: Screening for HBV infection should be mandatory for all HCWs, and HBV vaccination can provide protection against the virus. Preventive measures are essential to address this important health issue. By implementing preventive measures such as screening and vaccination, healthcare facilities can help protect their employees and reduce the risk of transmission of blood-borne viral diseases. It is crucial for healthcare workers to prioritize their health and safety in order to provide quality care to their patients.