Historical Connections between Southern Arabia, the Fertile Crescent and Egypt during the First Millennium BC

Abstract

This research aims to study the southern Arabian Peninsula, and its trade relationship with some countries of the Arab world during the first millennium BC. It has shown that the countries of southern Arabia had prosperous agriculture at the end of the second millennium BC, and during the first half of the first millennium BC. During that period the Sabaeans emerged as a force in the southern Arabian Peninsula, and the southern Arabs were affected by the Fertile Crescent and Egypt, and they were the masters of the land trade caravans.