Biochemical Compositions of Urolithiasis among Yemeni Patients

Abstract

Objectives: Since the chemical composition of calculi is very important for the purpose of determining both the origin and etiology, the present study was therefore done to perform the chemical analysis of stones to know the pattern of biochemical composition of stones among Yemeni patients. Methodology: Kidney stones were sent to Central Laboratory; in Sana’a, the capital of the Republic of Yemen for chemical analysis. The stones were washed in distilled water grinded and powdered in a mortar and were analyzed by samiquantitative method. The poweredred stones and standard both were analyzed for uric acid, cystine, oxalate, carbonates, phosphates; ammonia, calcium and magnesium contents. Data extracted from the records included age, sex, occupation and place of residence. The software SPSS 13.0 for Windows was used for data entry and analysis. Chi-Square test was used to compare between different results. P values < 0.05 were considered significant. Results: One hundred eight (108) stones were analyzed chemically during the period from 1st January, 2010 to 30th October 2011. All patients were Yemeni from different part of the country working in the military and their families were included in the study. The mean age of the participants included in the analysis was 29.65 ± 11.36. There were 94 (87%) stones belonged to males, while 14 (13%) stones to female. The male to female ratio was 6:1.Out of a total of 108 stones, 60 stones (55.6%) were calcium oxalate, 30(27.8%) were uric acid mixed with calcium oxalate and 5 (4.6%) stones were phosphate mixed with calcium oxalate. The association between gender and biochemical composition of renal stones were positive and statistically significant (χ = 19.072, P s= 0.025).