Experimental Processes and Diffusion among Qat Farmers in Yemen

Abstract

Production of qat in Yemen is not supported by any commercial or public sector research and advisory programs. Nonetheless, production continues to expand rapidly and farmers have developed technologies to solve production problems and to adapt traditional and nontraditional practices to new areas. These developments occur through systematic experimentation and observation. A study in monocrop and mixed cropping qat production areas of the Central Highlands identified twelve instances of technology developed by farmers. Using a grounded theory approach and a methodology adapted to the sensitive nature of the enquiry, the study elicits models of farmer experimentation. It also explores the rich network of informal communication channels through which new information is exchanged among qat producers, traders and consumers. The role of itinerant labourers in the information system is highlighted. While the study confirms the dynamism of farming systems in the absence of formal research and development programs, it also raises concerns about health and environmental issues.