تعزيز التكيّف السردي لدى الأطفال في مواجهة أضرار الحرب في قصص الكوميكس: نحو بناء نموذج أدبي
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.53286/efd8bv24الكلمات المفتاحية:
أدب الأزمات، السُّلْطة الإبستيمية للطفل، أخلاقيات الرعاية، القانون الدولي الإنساني، الحكاية البصرية العربيةالملخص
سعت هذه الدراسة إلى استنبات حركيّة التكيّف السرديّة لدى الطفل في مواجهة الشدائد التراكمية الناتِجة عن الحرب، مُدمِجة مبادئ القانون الدولي الإنساني وفلسفة أخلاقيات الرعاية. واعتمدت الدراسة على أداةٍ تحليليةٍ مركزيةٍ من ابتكار الباحثة، هي نموذج (رِعاية CARES)، مُطبِّقةً منهجية التحليل السردي الموضوعي والسيميائي في فحص ثلاث حكايات بصرية (كوميكس) مركزية تنتمي إلى بيئات النزاع المسلّح العربية؛ وهي: (مهمّة علياء) (Alia's Mission)، و(لُعبة السنونو) (A Game For Swallows)، و(أنا أتذكّر بيروت) (I Remember Beirut). وانطلقت الدراسة من فرضية مَفادها أنّ الرعاية العلائقية المَحميّة بالصكوك الدولية القانونية هي المحرّك الأساسي للتكيّف، وأنّ وسيط الكوميكس يُعِيد بناء وَكالة الطفل الأخلاقية ليتحوّل من مُربَّع الضحية السلبية إلى رُتبة الفاعل الأخلاقي المستقلّ. وقُسّمت الدراسة إلى مقدمة ومبحثين ونتائج؛ يَعتني المبحث الأول بتقديم نموذج (رِعاية CARES) البيداغوجي المبتَكَر، مُستَعرِضًا أدواته المنهجية، ومَصفوفاته التطبيقية والبَيانية، وكفاءته الإجرائية في فحص عينة الحكايات البصرية المدروسة. في حين يتناول المبحث الثاني التمثيلات السردية والبصرية للحرب في المتن المدروس مُبرِزًا آليات استنبات التكيّف والترميم الوجداني، وأثبتت النتائج أنّ الروابط الاجتماعية والبيئة المكانية يُشكّلان أنسجةً سرديةً حامِيةً، تُحاكِي الحماية القانونية للمدنيّين؛ إذ سجّل إجراء (التموضع المكاني) كفاءةً تطبيقيةً عاليةً، وشكّلت الرعاية المجتمعية التشاركية الفعاليةَ الأقوى في حركيّة التكيّف.التنزيلات
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