Association between Diabetes Mellitus and Acute Coronary Syndrome in Adults: A Cross-Sectional Study in Dhamar City, Yemen
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.59167/tujnas.v10i2.3012Keywords:
Diabetes Mellitus, Acute Coronary Syndrome, Dhamar, YemenAbstract
Background: Diabetes mellitus is one of the most serious chronic diseases worldwide and greatly increases the risk of cardiovascular complications. Acute coronary syndrome (ACS) is a critical outcome of diabetes, resulting from sudden reductions in blood flow to the heart. When combined, diabetes and ACS pose major concerns for public health, especially in low-resource settings. This study explored the relationship between diabetes and ACS in adult patients in Dhamar City, Yemen. Methods: A cross-sectional study was carried out among 77 ACS patients admitted to several hospitals in Dhamar between February and May 2022. Sociodemographic characteristics, medical history, laboratory findings, and clinical outcomes were collected through interviews and patient records. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 23. Results: Of the participating ACS patients, 74.03% were male and 67.5% had diabetes, with 51.9% diagnosed with type 2 diabetes. Most patients were between 40 and 60 years old, overweight, uneducated, and hypertensive. Troponin was positive in 94.8% of cases. STEMI accounted for 36.4% of ECG findings, while NSTEMI represented 57.1%. Diabetic patients showed higher LDL and lower HDL levels than non-diabetics, and significantly higher blood glucose indices. The hospital mortality rate was 9.1%. Conclusion: The findings indicate a strong association between diabetes and ACS among adults in Dhamar City. Poor lipid control, elevated blood glucose levels, hypertension, and overweight may contribute to ACS development in diabetic patients. Routine follow-up, improved screening, and early detection are important to reduce ACS-related complications in this population.
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